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## The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model

#### Gökhan Aksu [1] , Cem Oktay Güzeller [2] , Mehmet Taha Eser [3]

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In this study, it was aimed to compare different normalization methods employed in model developing process via artificial neural networks with different sample sizes. As part of comparison of normalization methods, input variables were set as: work discipline, environmental awareness, instrumental motivation, science self-efficacy, and weekly science learning time that have been covered in PISA 2015, whereas students' Science Literacy level was defined as the output variable. The amount of explained variance and the statistics about the correct classification ratios were used in the comparison of the normalization methods discussed in the study. The dataset was analyzed in Matlab2017b software and both prediction and classification algorithms were used in the study. According to the findings of the study, adjusted min-max normalization method yielded better results in terms of the amount of explained variance in different sample sizes compared to other normalization methods; no significant difference was found in correct classification rates according to the normalization method of the data, which lacked normal distribution and the possibility of overfitting should be taken into consideration when working with small samples in the modelling process of artificial neural network. In addition, it was also found that sample size had a significant effect on both classification and prediction analyzes performed with artificial neural network methods. As a result of the study, it was concluded that with a sample size over 1000, more consistent results can be obtained in the studies performed with artificial neural networks in the field of education.

Artificial Neural Networks, Prediction, MATLAB, Normalization
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Primary Language en Education, Scientific Disciplines June Articles Orcid: 0000-0003-2563-6112Author: Gökhan Aksu (Primary Author)Institution: ADNAN MENDERES UNIVERSITYCountry: Turkey Orcid: 0000-0002-2700-3565Author: Cem Oktay GüzellerInstitution: AKDENIZ UNIVERSITY Orcid: 0000-0001-7031-1953Author: Mehmet Taha EserInstitution: AKDENIZ UNIVERSITY Publication Date: July 15, 2019
 Bibtex @research article { ijate479404, journal = {International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education}, issn = {}, eissn = {2148-7456}, address = {İzzet KARA}, year = {2019}, volume = {6}, pages = {170 - 192}, doi = {10.21449/ijate.479404}, title = {The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model}, key = {cite}, author = {Aksu, Gökhan and Güzeller, Cem Oktay and Eser, Mehmet Taha} } APA Aksu, G , Güzeller, C , Eser, M . (2019). The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 6 (2), 170-192. DOI: 10.21449/ijate.479404 MLA Aksu, G , Güzeller, C , Eser, M . "The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model". International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 6 (2019): 170-192 Chicago Aksu, G , Güzeller, C , Eser, M . "The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model". International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 6 (2019): 170-192 RIS TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model AU - Gökhan Aksu , Cem Oktay Güzeller , Mehmet Taha Eser Y1 - 2019 PY - 2019 N1 - doi: 10.21449/ijate.479404 DO - 10.21449/ijate.479404 T2 - International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 170 EP - 192 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - -2148-7456 M3 - doi: 10.21449/ijate.479404 UR - https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.479404 Y2 - 2019 ER - EndNote %0 International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model %A Gökhan Aksu , Cem Oktay Güzeller , Mehmet Taha Eser %T The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model %D 2019 %J International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education %P -2148-7456 %V 6 %N 2 %R doi: 10.21449/ijate.479404 %U 10.21449/ijate.479404 ISNAD Aksu, Gökhan , Güzeller, Cem Oktay , Eser, Mehmet Taha . "The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model". International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 6 / 2 (July 2019): 170-192. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.479404 AMA Aksu G , Güzeller C , Eser M . The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model. IJATE. 2019; 6(2): 170-192. Vancouver Aksu G , Güzeller C , Eser M . The Effect of the Normalization Method Used in Different Sample Sizes on the Success of Artificial Neural Network Model. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education. 2019; 6(2): 192-170.