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Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models

Cengiz Zopluoglu [1]

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Unusual response similarity among test takers may occur in testing data and be an indicator of potential test fraud (e.g., examinees copy responses from other examinees, send text messages or pre-arranged signals among themselves for the correct response, item pre-knowledge). One index to measure the degree of similarity between two response vectors is M4 proposed by Maynes (2014). M4 index is based on a generalized trinomial distribution and it is computationally very demanding. There is currently no accessible tool for practitioners who may want to use M4 in their research and practice. The current paper introduces the M4 index and its computational details for the dichotomous and nominal item response models, provides an R function to compute the probability distribution for the generalized trinomial distribution, and then demonstrates the computation of the M4 index under the dichotomous and nominal item response models using R.
response similarity, M4, test fraud, item response theory, test security
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Birincil Dil en Eğitim, Bilimsel Disiplinler December Makaleler Yazar: Cengiz Zopluoglu (Sorumlu Yazar)Kurum: University of MiamiÜlke: United States
 Bibtex @araştırma makalesi { ijate527299, journal = {International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education}, issn = {}, eissn = {2148-7456}, address = {İzzet KARA}, year = {2019}, volume = {6}, pages = {1 - 19}, doi = {10.21449/ijate.527299}, title = {Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models}, key = {cite}, author = {Zopluoglu, Cengiz} } APA Zopluoglu, C . (2019). Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 6 (5-Special Issue (pre-print)), 1-19. DOI: 10.21449/ijate.527299 MLA Zopluoglu, C . "Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models". International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 6 (2019): 1-19 Chicago Zopluoglu, C . "Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models". International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 6 (2019): 1-19 RIS TY - JOUR T1 - Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models AU - Cengiz Zopluoglu Y1 - 2019 PY - 2019 N1 - doi: 10.21449/ijate.527299 DO - 10.21449/ijate.527299 T2 - International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 1 EP - 19 VL - 6 IS - 5-Special Issue (pre-print) SN - -2148-7456 M3 - doi: 10.21449/ijate.527299 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.21449/ijate.527299 Y2 - 2019 ER - EndNote %0 International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models %A Cengiz Zopluoglu %T Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models %D 2019 %J International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education %P -2148-7456 %V 6 %N 5-Special Issue (pre-print) %R doi: 10.21449/ijate.527299 %U 10.21449/ijate.527299 ISNAD Zopluoglu, Cengiz . "Computation of the Response Similarity Index M4 in R under the Dichotomous and Nominal Item Response Models". International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 6 / 5-Special Issue (pre-print) (Aralık 2019): 1-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21449/ijate.527299